木材
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Radiata pine
RANGE: The species said to be a native of Monterey in California. Planted in New Zealand, Australia, South America and South Africa.
PROPERTIES: This tree growing fast and with wide annual rings, lumber occasionally not giving appearance of pines, large axial resin canals found.
USES: Mostly used for package and boxes, and also construction materials where no heaviness and hardness required. If not contacted with the ground, durability well, coating needed for outdoor use.
輻射松
產(chǎn)地：原產(chǎn)美國(guó)加利福尼亞，在新西蘭、澳大利亞、南美洲和南非有栽培。原木及制材品主要來(lái)自新西蘭和智利。
性狀：與其他松木相比，該種樹(shù)木因生長(zhǎng)快，年輪寬，板材外觀與其他松木不同。有大的軸向樹(shù)脂道。
用途：通常用作包裝用材及其他對(duì)承重和強(qiáng)度要求不高的建筑材，如不與地面接觸，則耐久性很好，室外使用需油漆。
Pinus sylvestris
RANGE: Growing extensively in Europe, central Asia and Siberia. Evergreen coniferous tree and 20~45m in height and reaching 1.5m in diameter. One of the most important woods in Europe and much exported from Sweden, Finland, USSR, and Poland. Wood very similar to Red pine of Japan.
PROPERTIES: The name of Red wood originated in red brown color of heartwood. Unrelated to American red wood ( Sequoia sempervirens ).Various in nature by origin. USSR wood slow growing and with fine texture, and wood from southern Sweden, Europe, etc. Fast growing and heavy.
USES: Dry readily and well. Once dried stable in use General construction. Package, beams, fittings, temporary construction materials and pulp.
歐洲赤松（樟子松）
產(chǎn)地：廣泛分布于歐洲、亞洲中部及西伯利亞。常綠針葉林，高20-45m，直徑達(dá)1.5m ，是歐洲廣泛應(yīng)用的商品材之一。主要由瑞典、芬蘭、俄羅斯及波蘭輸出。具有與日本赤松相似的材質(zhì)。
性狀：其“紅木（red wood)”的名稱(chēng)來(lái)源于其紅褐色的心材。與美國(guó)的“紅木（red wood)”（即北美紅杉）無(wú)關(guān)，材性根據(jù)產(chǎn)地不同而有明顯不同。俄羅斯的歐洲赤松生長(zhǎng)緩慢，結(jié)構(gòu)細(xì)；生長(zhǎng)于瑞典南部及歐洲等地的歐洲赤松，生長(zhǎng)快，質(zhì)重。
用途：易干燥，且干燥質(zhì)量好，干燥后使用性能穩(wěn)定。一般用于建筑、土木工程、包裝箱、梁、裝飾、臨時(shí)性建筑材料和紙漿。
DOUGLAS FIR
RANGE: One of the most important species in the world and growing extensively in the western Part of North America. Crowing in Canada, America, Mexico.
PROPERTIES: With particular resinous odor when fresh. Annual rings distinct. Narrow annual ring wood called Yellow fir and wide called Red fir. These names derived from the color. Axial resin canals small.
USES: Houses ( boards and posts ) and plywood.
北美花旗松
產(chǎn)地：世界上最重要的樹(shù)種之一，廣泛分布于北美的西部。生長(zhǎng)在加拿大、美國(guó)、墨西哥。
性狀：生材具特別的樹(shù)脂氣味。年輪極明顯。年輪窄的結(jié)合其色調(diào)常稱(chēng)作黃杉，寬的稱(chēng)作紅杉。軸向上樹(shù)脂道小。
用途：房屋及建筑物（板材和柱子）、膠合板（作為結(jié)構(gòu)用合板非常優(yōu)良）。
Pinus ponderosa
RANGE: This species growing most extensively in North America, from British Columbia to Durango in Mexico.
PROPERTIES: With axial resin canals. And with dimple grain on flatsawn face but so prominent as Lodge-pole pine.
USES: package, frames, woodworking, sashes, doors, interior, panels, houses rafters, posts, door-sills, etc.（heavy and resinous wood with wide annual rings), coffins, joinery, poles and veneer.
西黃松
產(chǎn)地：在北美分布最廣泛的松樹(shù)，包括從加拿大的大不列顛哥倫比亞省到墨西哥的杜蘭戈地區(qū)。
性狀：有軸向樹(shù)脂道。在弦切面上有窩狀紋理，但沒(méi)有扭葉松那么顯著。
用途：包裝用材、框架、木制品、門(mén)窗、室內(nèi)裝飾、嵌板、房椽、柱子、門(mén)等房屋建筑材料（密度大、樹(shù)脂多且具有年輪寬）、細(xì)木工板、桿和單板。
Larch (Larix gmelini)
RANGE: Growing extensively in Sakhalin, the Kurile Is., Littoral Province and Siberia. Deciduous coniferous tree. Up to 30 m in height and 1250px in diameter.
PROPERTIES: Frequently with defects: bark pocket, resin pocket, compression failure, and slightly odorous, With small axial resin canals, not visible to naked eyes.
USES: Dry readily and prone to warp. Once dried moderately stable in use. Very resinous and resistant to water and rot. General construction, utility poles, railway sleeper, props, temporary construction materials and pulp.
落葉松
產(chǎn)地：廣泛地生長(zhǎng)于庫(kù)頁(yè)島、千島群島、沿海省和西伯利亞。落葉松高達(dá)30米，直徑50厘米。
性狀：常見(jiàn)缺陷：內(nèi)夾皮，樹(shù)脂囊，應(yīng)力木缺陷，有輕微的香氣，有小的軸向樹(shù)脂道。肉眼下不可見(jiàn)。
用途：干燥過(guò)快易翹曲。干燥后，使用性能穩(wěn)定。樹(shù)脂含量高，有耐水、耐腐等特性。一般用于建筑、電桿、枕木、道具、臨時(shí)性土木工程材料和紙漿。
Spruce (Picea)
RANGE: Growing From southern Alaska to north-western California.
PROPERTIES: Annual rings clear. Early wood generally consisting of 1/2~2/3 of annual rings, gradually changing to late wood. Axial resin canals small but visible in late wood.
USES: Pulp, boxes, frames, general construction, woodworking (flooring, siding, ceiling, doors, blinds, etc.), airplanes,musical instrument (especially sounding boards of pianos), cabinets, ships, railroad coaches, furniture, wares, kegs and ladders.
云杉
產(chǎn)地：廣泛生長(zhǎng)于太平洋沿岸阿拉斯加州南部到加利福尼亞州西北部地區(qū)。
性狀：年輪明顯。早材寬通常占1/2～2/3年輪，早晚材緩變。軸向樹(shù)脂道小，但肉眼下在晚材中可見(jiàn)。
用途：紙漿、箱盒、框架、普通建筑、木制品（地板、鐵路用材、天花板、門(mén)、窗簾等），航空用材、樂(lè)器（尤其鋼琴用的音板，用窄年輪者）、櫥柜、船、車(chē)廂、家具、器皿、桶和梯子。
Hemlock(Tsuga)
RANGE: Growing from Kenai Pan. in Alaska to north-western California along the Pacific Coast.
PROPERTIES: Heartwood not distinct, white or pale yellow brown. Late wood often rosy, purple or red brown. Several annual rings near bark almost white. Dark streaks often seen, which made by larvae of small black flies. Sometimes white deposits like chalk noticeable on wood surface.
USES: General construction, siding, ceiling, flooring, fittings, boxes, frames, railroad coaches, kegs and ladders.
鐵杉
產(chǎn)地：從阿拉斯加州的基奈半島到加利福尼亞州西北部的太平洋沿岸均有分布。
性狀：心、邊材區(qū)別不明顯，白色或淺黃褐色。晚材常帶玫瑰色、紫色或紅褐色。接近樹(shù)皮的數(shù)年輪近白色。時(shí)?？吹椒Q(chēng)髓斑的深條紋，由小的蠅類(lèi)昆蟲(chóng)的幼蟲(chóng)所致。有時(shí)在木材表面上有明顯的粉筆狀白色沉淀物。
用途：一般建筑、鐵路用材、天花板、地板、裝飾、盒箱、框架、車(chē)廂、小桶和梯子。
Southern Yellow Pine(Pinusspp)
RANGE: Growing in the southern United States
USES: All cork trees have the most tough material, are not easy to be damaged by the impact and are extremely resistant to wear. Due to the unique structure and performance of the southern pine, it is widely used in various types of structural construction purposes under various conditions. Southern pine as the world's top structural timber".
南方黃松
產(chǎn)地：生長(zhǎng)于美國(guó)南部地區(qū)
用途：所有軟木樹(shù)種中具有最強(qiáng)韌材質(zhì)，不易受碰撞損傷并極為耐磨。由于南方松無(wú)與倫比的結(jié)構(gòu)性能，被廣泛地用于各條件下的各種類(lèi)型的結(jié)構(gòu)建筑用途。被譽(yù)為“世界頂級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)用材”。